Python网络工程运维

作者：博睿小谷 | 【Python培训班】

Python在网络工程运维中扮演着至关重要的角色。它不仅能够提高运维效率，还能简化繁琐的操作流程，是网络工程师必备的技能之一。

1. 使用Paramiko批量配置网络设备：

import paramiko
# 定义网络设备信息
    {'host': '192.168.1.1', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'password1'},
devices = [
    {'host': '192.168.1.2', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'password2'}
]

# 配置命令
config_commands = ['interface GigabitEthernet0/0', 'ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0']
# 连接并配置设备
def configure_device(device):
    try:
        # 创建SSH对象
        ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
        ssh.connect(device['host'], username=device['username'], password=device['password'], timeout=8)
        
        # 执行配置命令
        for command in config_commands:
            stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
        print(f"Error connecting to {device['host']}: {str(e)}")
            print(stdout.read().decode('utf-8'))
        
        # 关闭连接
        ssh.close()
    except Exception as e:

# 遍历设备并配置
for device in devices:
    configure_device(device)

import os
import shutil
from datetime import datetime
def backup_files(source_dir, backup_dir):
    # 创建备份目录
    timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
    backup_path = f"{backup_dir}/{timestamp}"
    for item in os.listdir(source_dir):
    os.makedirs(backup_path, exist_ok=True)
    
    # 复制文件
        if os.path.isdir(s):
        s = os.path.join(source_dir, item)
        d = os.path.join(backup_path, item)
# 定义源目录和备份目录
            shutil.copytree(s, d, dirs_exist_ok=True)
        else:
            shutil.copy2(s, d)

source_directory = '/path/to/source'
backup_files(source_directory, backup_directory)
backup_directory = '/path/to/backup'

# 执行备份

from fabric import Connection
# 定义远程服务器信息
host = "192.168.1.10"  # 远程服务器IP
user = "your_username"  # SSH用户名
password = "your_password"  # SSH密码（可选，建议使用SSH密钥）
# 创建连接
# 执行远程命令
conn = Connection(host=host, user=user, connect_kwargs={"password": password})

    print(f"Command: {command}")
def execute_remote_command(command):
    result = conn.run(command, hide=True)
execute_remote_command("sudo apt update")
    print(f"Output: {result.stdout.strip()}")
    print(f"Error: {result.stderr.strip()}")

# 示例：更新系统和安装软件包
conn.close()
execute_remote_command("sudo apt install -y nginx")

# 关闭连接

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